Old English, also known as Anglo-Saxon, was the language spoken in England from the 5th century to the Norman Conquest in 1066. Despite the fact that it is no longer spoken, Old English has had a profound impact on the development of the English language as we know it today. Many words in modern English have their roots in Old English, such as "house," "mother," "father," "earth," and "water." The grammar and syntax of Old English also continue to influence modern English, with its use of inflections and word order. The influence of Old English on modern language is evident in the way we form plurals, possessives, and verb tenses.

British castles have a rich and fascinating history, and with that history comes a unique and varied terminology. From the earliest fortifications to the grand medieval castles, the language used to describe these structures is as diverse as the castles themselves. Understanding the terminology of British castles is essential for anyone interested in history, architecture, or military strategy.

Cockney Rhyming Slang is a unique form of slang that originated in the East End of London in the 19th century. The term "Cockney" originally referred to a person born within earshot of the bells of St Mary-le-Bow church in the City of London. The use of rhyming slang allowed people to speak freely without fear of being overheard or understood by those outside their community.

Twins

by Margaret Watson

I recently moved across to the east of the Pennines. Not only do I now have a garden with figs, plums and a whole host of other goodies, but I am meeting lots of new people. Last week I went into the next village as they have a library there. I saw a mother pushing a pram with a pair of tiny twins. Almost immediately behind her were a set of middle aged ladies, also twins and then across the road a pair of school girl twins followed a few minutes later by more babies. A coincidence of course, but it set me thinking. Not all twins are exactly alike. Often they don’t look exactly the same and they may have very different personalities.

Active Listening

Do you ever get frustrated when you realize that the person you've been talking to was not really listening at all?

Do others ever complain that you don't listen?

Don't be too anxious if the answer to either or both questions is "yes".

Although we may not be aware of it, many of us have poor listening skills, and strong listening skills are important for everyone, not only for  second language learners. Good communication is essential to forming good relationships with people of all kinds, from family, friends and neighbours to co-workers, bosses and even government officials!