1199 – King Richard I of England died from an infection following the removal of an arrow from his shoulder.
1320 - The Declaration of Arbroath was signed to declare Scottish independence.
1652 – At the Cape of Good Hope, Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck established a resupply camp that eventually becomes Cape Town.
1772 - The beard tax was lifted in Russia.
1814 – Napoleon abdicated and was exiled to Elba.
1869 – Celluloid was patented.
1917 – The United States declared war on Germany.
1919 – Gandhi ordered a General Strike.
1930 – Gandhi raised a lump of mud and salt and declared, "With this, I am shaking the foundations of the British Empire," and he was right.
1994 – The aircraft carrying Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana and Burundian president Cyprien Ntaryamira was shot down, beginning one of the most shameful moments in history.
1998 – Tammy Wynette, American country singer died.